By James Turner

Cervical cancer is a type of cancer which occurs on the cervix of a woman. It usually progresses slowly until it becomes an invasive cancer. An invasive cancer means that the cancer cells can spread to other parts. In the case of cervical cancer, the cancer cells will affect the vagina, rectum, bladder, lungs and liver. This kind of cancer can be treated when caught in its early stage.

1) Causes and Risk Factors

Some of the risk factors for cervical cancer include previous infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), multiple sexual partners, taking oral contraceptives, early sexual contact and cigarette smoking. There have been studies done which establishes a strong link between HPV and the development of cancer in the cervix. Early sexual contact and multiple sexual partners contribute to the development of cancer because HPV is transmitted sexually. Cigarette smoking is also a risk factor because the chemicals in the cigarette can cause precancerous changes in the cells of the cervix.

2) Signs and Symptoms

Many of the signs and symptoms of cervical cancer are often neglected because many women think that they are related to other illnesses. This form of cancer can also be asymptomatic, which means that it does not manifest any signs and symptoms in its early stage. The cervical cancer symptoms to watch out for include unusual heavy discharge and abnormal bleeding. The discharges are usually foul-smelling, thick and watery. Pain during urination is also another symptom but this usually occurs when the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Pelvic pain which can be mild or severe is another symptom. Other signs and symptoms to watch out for are bleeding after sexual intercourse and bleeding in between regular menstrual period.

3) Diagnosis

Cervical cancer diagnosis in its early stage is very important for a successful treatment of the cancer. One of the most essential diagnosis method used to detect this cancer is the Papanicolaou test also known as Pap Smear. Other diagnostic procedures include cervical biopsy, colposcopy (examination of the cervix with the use of a specialized microscope) and x-ray.

4) Treatment

Cervical cancer treatment as mentioned above has a high percentage of success when the cancer is detected in its precancerous stage. Hysterectomy or removal of the uterus is the common treatment. A cone biopsy is also an option especially for those who want to remain fertile. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy are also done together with other treatments.

5) Prevention

Cervical cancer can be prevented. One preventive measure women should do is to get a regular pap smear. Since the introduction of Pap smear, the occurrence of cancer of the cervix has significantly decreased. Pap smear is available in most cancer clinics and hospitals. If your Pap smear result is abnormal, you should follow-up to ensure that you do not have cancer. Since smoking is one of the risk factors of cervical cancer, women should not smoke and avoid secondhand smoking. Safe sex is also very important in the prevention of this cancer. Sexually active women should always ask their partner to use a condom. In addition, limit your sexual partners. This does not only prevent cervical cancer but other sexually transmitted diseases as well. HPV vaccines are also available these days which is given to women who are 27 years old or below.

Survival Rate of Cervical Cancer
Cervical Cancer can be described in four distinct stages. The said stages represent how much the cancer has grown and also how much of a threat it currently is. The stage of the disease also determines the appropriate treatment that needs to be applied to the patient.

Stage IA: 96-99% CSR
This is the earliest stage of the cancer in which the tumor is only visible under a microscope. Surgery is the best treatment in this period because that small size of the tumor allows it to easily be removed in an operation.

Stage IB: 80-90% CSR
In this stage the cancer starts to become visible to the naked eye. Usual treatment is surgery but in instances when an operation cannot suffice chemotherapy, radiation, and laser treatments may also be required.

Stage II: 65-69% CSR
In this stage the tumor has grown so much that it has already spread outside the uterus and infected the surrounding cells and tissues. It still however is yet to spread to the lateral walls of the pelvis or to the lower third of the vagina. Surgery again is the common option with supplementary chemotherapy, radiation, and laser treatment.

Stage III: 40-43% CSR
The cancer has grown to infect the walls of the pelvis as well as most of the vagina and may also have caused alterations to the kidneys. Surgery can no longer be performed in this stage the Cervical Cancer as it is already to widespread and thus causing a dramatic drop in the Survival Rate. Treatments include chemotherapy, radiation, and laser therapy.

Stage IV: 15-20% CSR
This is the final stage of the disease in which the tumor has reached the more distant organs. Chemotherapy, radiation and laser therapy are the available treatments.

Cervical Cancer Survival Rates are mere estimates and are not conclusive.

Panacea Ocampo is a technical writer for the Search Engine Optimization Department of Cancer Survival Rates - a company focused on providing reliable and up to date cancer survival rates to those who need it.

By Panacea Ocampo

Cervical cancer survival rates are greatly depended to the stage it is upon. This type of cancer usually begins on the surface where the malignant cancer cells have not the deeper tissues in the cervix. When it reaches its second stage the cervical tumor spread within the tissues of the cervix but not beyond the pelvic area. The third stage begins when the cancer cells have infiltrated and infected the nearby tissues beyond the pelvic area. During this stage the malignant tumors start to invade other tissues until it reaches and infects other systems of the body at its final stage.

There are a lot of possible ways of preventing cancer of the cervix. There are now vaccinations available that could reduce the risk of having this disease at all. Smoking also increases the risk of having cervical cancer, so people who reduce or stop smoking at all will help you reduce the chance of having this malignant type of cancer. According to various researches as well, high level of vegetable consumption may as very well reduce the risks of having any type of cancer as well at a 54 percent ratio. A healthy lifestyle may very well be the key to reducing the risk of having cancer. We should at the very least try to allocate 10 minutes of the day to move and exercise.

Cervical cancer survival rates can be increased. Women should just at the very least have a healthy lifestyle that is comparable to their skills in the business world. If you notice any signs that you may have cervical cancer, you must immediately seek professional help in order to determine whether you have this malignant disease or not. And if so, find the right treatment and medication that is suitable for the current stage you have been diagnosed with.

By Mert Ozge

There are women who get so scared to go to doctors to get check-ups that they become their own doctors and self-medicate. There are appropriate treatments that are offered by doctors to patients with cervical cancer. These options are radiation therapy, chemotherapy, surgery or a combination of these.

Treatment options would mainly depend on the size of the tumor and whether or not the cancer has spread throughout the body. A woman's need to be pregnant in the future will also be considered before choosing a specific type of treatment. The doctor would be describing the options to the woman, along with its expected results.

One of the surgeries that a cervical cancer patient would have to undergo would be radical trachelectomy. This entails the removal of the cervix, part of the vagina and the lymph nodes in the pelvis. This is one of those surgeries that women would opt for if they want to get pregnant after the surgery. Another type of surgery is radical hysterectomy where the cervix, its tissues, the uterus and the vagina are removed. In total abdominal hysterectomy, the surgeon would remove the whole cervix and the uterus, preventing the chance of growing or spreading out.

Before the treatment is started, it is advised that a woman ask her doctor what changes would have to be made after treatment has been done. There are various side effects when undergoing the total abdominal hysterectomy like becoming depressed. This way, the doctor will be able to help you prepare for these changes. A woman's support system will be very crucial to her recovery to guide her through the changes that she would be experiencing.

There has recently been a vaccine that would help prevent a woman from acquiring cervical cancer. There are 3 shots that need to be completed. Although it is not entirely an assurance that cervical cancer will be prevented, the chance of getting the disease will be lowered.

By Lynly Pioc

Cervical cancer is one of the diseases caused by a virus of the papillomavirus family of viruses called the Human Papillomavirus. This virus has almost 200 types and generally causes no symptoms in people. Some of the HPV viruses cause symptoms like warts while others are responsible for cancers of the vagina, vulva or cervix in females. However, one very important point is that this virus is very common in the surroundings almost like common cold and in most cases the bodies of young girls destroy it and deal with the infection quite effectively. It is only when the infection is harbored for more than a year or so, that risks may be developed.

A doctor must hence be very careful in recommending tests and check-ups for a young girl. If the girl's body is tested positive for the presence of HPV, then following the results extensive tests and treatments may be administered by the practicing medical professional. But such treatments may result in weakening of the cervix rendering it incapable of carrying forth a successful pregnancy and childbirth in future. Keeping in mind such factors there are a few guidelines that healthcare experts have come up with -

1. Girls in the twenties bracket should be test for HPV only after a positive pap test

2. A combination of the Pap smear and HPV test should be done only on women older than 30 years.

The Centers for Disease Control in the U.S. Department of Health And Human Services has gone further to set one more thumb rule so that women can lead safer lives without the risks of adverse effects of testing. This would bring us to the 3 point:

3. As listed on the official document issued by CDC "1 woman + 2 negative tests = 3 years" which means if the Pap Smear and HPV tests are negative for a woman, then she can refrain form getting tested for cervical cancer for three whole years!

Such a proscription is medically proven by the fact that cervical cancer is a cancer that grows very slowly. In most cases, women far from chances of developing a cancer are repeatedly tested for it. Staying abreast with medical news and research is hence important for doctors and patients alike. Moreover, the HPV test is not here to replace Pap smear tests for cervical cancer as both are equally important. The latter is a preliminary test while the former is a confirmatory test which can guide subsequent treatment when needed.

By Jennifer C Stone

There are no signs of early cervical cancer. It is therefore necessary for every woman to have regular pap test. A woman with cervical cancer sometimes have example Unusual vagina bleeding including vaginal bleeding after menopause, spotting or discharge, pains during sex.

WHO IS AT RISK OF CERVICAL CANCER?

Men do not have cervical cancer, only Women are at risk of having cervical cancer. Women child bearing age and beyond.

PREVENTION OPPORTUNITY;

Regular screening for early detection using the pap test. Women should have regular pap smears from the age of 21 years or three years after the onset of sexual intercourse. Regular pap smears detect abnormalities of the lining of the cervix years before it progresses to cervical cancer many of this abnormalities can be tested if detected early. Correct and consistent use of condom may provide some protection against HPV.

Avoid risky sexual behaviors.

Human Papillona Virus[HPV] is a sexually transmitted virus and a major cause of cervical cancer. HPV comes by having multiple sex partners, having partners who have multiple sex partners, having sex at an early age. HPV VACCINE before a woman becomes sexually active. The vaccine is routinely given to females of age between 11, 12, 13, and 18 to catch up missed vaccine or complete the vaccination.

HEALTHY DIET

Healthy diet including eating fruits and vegetables and avoiding smoking also reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer.

Hepatitis is a disease condition of the liver in which the liver becomes sore, swollen and red as a result of the infection by a virus. This inflation [swelling] of the liver continues to increase because of the environment pollution of alcohol use, drug abuse and poor diet. Also, over use of paracetamol has been discovered to be highly responsible for increasing incidence of Hepatitis, HEPATITIS A and B are the most common.

THE SIGNS OF HEPATITIS INCLUDE:

vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, yellowness of the eyes, muscle and joint aces and pains, more on the right side of the body.

CAUSES OF HEPATITIS A AND B;

Hepatitis A is caused by infected food and common where there is poor hygiene, It spreads trough contaminated water. Hepatitis B is common in Nigeria and is caused by infected blood, It is spread through unprotected sex, sharing injection needles, blood contact or transfusion. It can also be transmitted from an infected mother to her baby during labor and delivery.

Mother to child transmission of Hepatitis B can be prevented by immunizing children with Hepatitis vaccine.

TREATMENT;

Cancer is a very deadly and expensive disease but if treated early,can be effectively managed at very good health facilities. Cervical cancer is often treated with a combination of surgery radiation and chemotherapy.

Other ways of include CRYOTHERAPY and ELECTROCOAGULATION.

By Philip Eseni Olughu

Women, at the age of 21, or within three years of the starting sexual activity, should start taking the Pap smear test and it should be repeated every two till the age of 30 and every 3 years thereafter.

Early detection of cancer can lead to its surgical removal and it is usually the most preferred way of treatment but not every woman has to undergo it. The different stages for the cervical cancer surgery are - Laser surgery, conization, cryosurgery, simple hysterectomy, radical hysterectomy and radical trachelectomy.

The first alternative is loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) which includes the usage of high frequency electrical current to cut and remove the diseased tissue. This procedure is done by administering local anesthetic to numb the cervix and a wire loop is inserted in the vagina. Tissue sample is removed for examination and deeper tissues are used to evaluate the endocervical canal.

The other alternative for cervical cancer surgery is laser surgery which uses a laser beam directed through the vagina instead of a knife to burn the abnormal cells or remove the tissues for biopsy.

Conization is also an option which is a surgical procedure which includes removal of a cone-shape tissue from the cervix and similar to LEEP, it uses a heated wire or a scalpel or laser, which is also known as cone knife cone biopsy. This one is beneficial as women's ability for pregnancies can be preserved in major cases.

Hysterectomy is an option which involves many kinds of procedures and it aims to eliminate the cancerous tissue by uterus removal. Those who try for pregnancy can be rest assured as the ovaries are intact after the hysterectomy procedure. If the woman cannot bear children even after ovaries are retained after hysterectomy, she would not go into premature menopause.

Women with cervical cancer usually have either a total (simple) hysterectomy or a radical hysterectomy. The total hysterectomy includes the removal of uterus and cervix but it leaves intact the vagina, lymph nodes and the parametrium. Radical hysterectomy, unlike simple hysterectomy, is the removal of uterus, cervix, parametrium and the supporting ligaments, upper vagina and the local lymph nodes (with a procedure called lymphadenectomy). If the fallopian tubes and ovaries are also removed with radical hysterectomy, the procedure is known as bilateral-salpingo-oopherectomy.

One should be aware about different surgery options and discuss with their surgeons.

Here author is giving you a complete information about medical products, medical news, cervical cancer, healthcare news. Cervical cancer is malignant neoplasm of the cervix uteri or cervical area, it may present with vaginal bleeding.

By Ian Gould

Cervical Cancer is when abnormal cells that are found in the cervix turn into cancer cells. This cancer is mostly caused by the human papillomavirus, or more commonly known as HPV. Women could have HPV for years and not even know it, because sometimes it does not show any symptoms. A few symptoms to watch out for would be bleeding from the vagina that is abnormal, pain during sex, bleeding during sex, and discharge from the vagina that includes blood. Cervical Cancer is more common with women over the age of 30, but it is never to early to start thinking abut getting tested for this disease. Women today may think this test is something they should keep putting off but if you are over the age of 21 or if you have been sexually active for more than three years, you should take some time to get this quick test.

The test is called a Pap Test, or more commonly known as a Pap Smear. A Pap Smear is a quick test taking at the most 5 minutes. The doctor will have you lay on an examining table, and using a speculum will open the vagina to see the cervix. After the cervix is seen, the doctor will use a special brush to collect a few cells and send them off to the lab for testing. Also during the Pap Smear a doctor does a quick pelvic exam to check the uterus and ovaries for any imperfections.

The next step after the Pap Smear would be waiting to hear about your results. If everything is fine, your doctor will usually send out a generic letter saying everything checked out fine and you can come back in a year. The other circumstance is if they find something on your Pap Smear. If this happens the doctor is in contact with you to make you aware that abnormal cells were found on your Pap Smear and that you have to come in for a biopsy, and a colposcopy. A colposcopy is a test used to see a magnified and illuminated view of the cervix to look for the lesions or abnormal cells. To highlight these cells the doctor will use a solution, and any lesion will be illuminated. After viewing this the doctor will take a biopsy, which is the removal of a small piece of tissue, and they will send the tissue off to see if the abnormal cells are at a mild state. If this is so the doctor will recommend more frequent Pap Smears to make sure that the cells stay at the mild state, these tests would range from every 3-6 months, until you get a few normal Pap Smear in a row. If the Biopsy comes back with cells in a higher abnormal state, then your doctor will recommend what treatment plan is best for you to handle this disease.

Women can avoid getting Cervical Cancer, it is all about early detection. The earlier you can catch this cancer, it may be easier to get rid of this disease. If you can keep up with your yearly Pap Smears, the chances of the cancer being caught in an earlier stage are higher so it can be easier to get rid of.

This article was written by Meagan E Lowery.

For more information you can go to http://myfamilyplate.com

By Meagan E Lowery