By Gracely Batucal
Many drugs in the treatment of cancer pain treatment method can be applied to surgery are available. Treatment, the type and severity of pain, and risk factors contained in the treatment varies from patient to patient according to individual preferences. The main drugs used for cancer pain in opioid-derived analgesics.However, these drugs are at risk of developing dependence and tolerance to drugs. Cancer patients are often due to various reasons, can not receive adequate treatment. The most common treatment methods are as follows:
Pain relief medication
Non-opioid analgesics
Derivative opioid pain relievers
Auxiliary agents
World Health Organization (WHO)-line treatment system
Psychotherapy
Interventional procedures
Exercises and massage
Behavioral methods for pain control
Pain relief medication
Pain medication for pain relief in most patients the main method for disconnect. 70 to 90% of cancer patients non-opioid analgesics, opioid pain relievers and various combinations of drugs to help treat pain in accordance with the WHO-line treatment can be provided.Painkillers cause of pain, that is not healing, provide temporary relief.
Non-opioid analgesics
Aspirin for mild pain, paracetamol or ibuprofen can be used as a simple pain relievers. Aspirin and ibuprofen pain non-steroidal structure. There are ceiling effects of these drugs.So after a certain dose of the drug to be more visible increase the influence. Develop drugs against this type of habit or addiction.Studies have only as many as 20-40% of patients with painful non-opioid pain relievers pain has passed. Patients, responses to these drugs varies, and which patients will respond to which drugs can be found in experiments.
Derivative opioid pain relievers
Prototype of the type of opioid painkillers morphine. However, the efficacy and side effects of opioid drugs many are changing. Unlike non-opioid painkillers, no ceiling effect of opioid drugs. Dose effect increases with increasing pain until unconsciousness develops.Opioids are used for severe pain. Opioid drugs have the potential to addiction. The dependency of opioid drugs, many physicians because of the fear of severe pain in patients with unrelenting pain and other drugs are prescribed, even avoids. Adequate pain management of patients with cancer pain is one of the most important reasons. However, studies in patients with opioid addiction to drugs shown to be very low risk.
Opioid drugs, fentanyl can be used through the skin. Fentanyl-impregnated strips attached to the skin and the drug being absorbed through the skin into the blood in this way. Non-opioid analgesics, opioid-acetaminophen combinations, such as not responding to other pain medications used to treat moderate to severe chronic pain and pain relief for 72 hours to cut. Change and continuity of treatment is provided at the end of 72 hours of tape.
Bands are available in various doses of fentanyl. Therefore, individualized dose can be adjusted. Acute pain and postoperative analgesic efficacy of the resulting tapes are not suitable for pain.Also not be used in children under 2 years of age.
Fentanyl bands can disrupt breathing. Repeated applications may develop tolerance and habit. Other side effects are as follows:
Confusion
Constipation
Dry mouth
Tendency to fall asleep
Sweating increased
An increase in blood pressure (hypertension) or decrease (hypotension)
Nausea and vomiting
Developed tolerance to opioids in patients with sudden and intermittent addition of opioids used for breakthrough pain. The aim is to pass quickly, while providing pain relief in order to avoid side effects is to use short-acting drugs. This additional opioids be given by mouth in tablet form, or suppository may be shaped in the form of lozenges under the tongue may be involved in the blood. Used oral opioids are the most suitable and cheapest, but the effect of the drug given in this way may be due to start late.In addition, while too much medicine is left in the bloodstream, which dizziness, drowsiness and can cause side effects such as vomiting.
Studies have shown that morphine under the tongue, the use of the drug into the blood slows down. This is a rule of the road has been determined that the oral use.
Involved in the opioid fentanyl through the oral mucosa into the blood in patients with advanced resistance to be used for breakthrough pain. This medication is used as a lozenge. The effect of opioid drugs are used as a wick starts fast, but many patients do not want to use the drug this way.
Pain in cancer patients given opioids by mouth or through skin absorption of opioid pain medications when they are not enough to cut the spinal canal, called a thin probe inserted through the catheter directly to the nerves that transmit pain also be given.This method is called morphine pump. Catheter inserted in a drug combination consisting of opioid analgesics and local anesthetics are given. In this way, pain, cancer pain in patients with low-dose oral drug with a drug can be cut much more. The drug is also involved in the systemic circulation would be part of the very low frequency and severity of the side effects of opioid drugs is reduced.
Auxiliary agents
Auxiliary agents such as neuropathic pain and bone pain, pain type, pain relief drugs are given to increase the impact. Type of opioid painkillers, or other non-opioids for neuropathic pain than in pain responds. Supporting other drugs also are used to reduce the side effects of painkillers. Always the first choice drugs for pain relief in neuropathic pain, neuropathic pain, but usually does not respond well to conventional pain relief drugs. Antidepressants (depression drugs), anticonvulsants (epilepsy medication), oral local anesthetics, such as cortisone type drugs used to treat neuropathic pain medications to help. Antidepressants are usually the first choice of drugs to help. For this purpose, the doses are much lower than the doses in the treatment of depression.
Many drugs in the treatment of cancer pain treatment method can be applied to surgery are available. Treatment, the type and severity of pain, and risk factors contained in the treatment varies from patient to patient according to individual preferences. The main drugs used for cancer pain in opioid-derived analgesics.However, these drugs are at risk of developing dependence and tolerance to drugs. Cancer patients are often due to various reasons, can not receive adequate treatment. The most common treatment methods are as follows:
Pain relief medication
Non-opioid analgesics
Derivative opioid pain relievers
Auxiliary agents
World Health Organization (WHO)-line treatment system
Psychotherapy
Interventional procedures
Exercises and massage
Behavioral methods for pain control
Pain relief medication
Pain medication for pain relief in most patients the main method for disconnect. 70 to 90% of cancer patients non-opioid analgesics, opioid pain relievers and various combinations of drugs to help treat pain in accordance with the WHO-line treatment can be provided.Painkillers cause of pain, that is not healing, provide temporary relief.
Non-opioid analgesics
Aspirin for mild pain, paracetamol or ibuprofen can be used as a simple pain relievers. Aspirin and ibuprofen pain non-steroidal structure. There are ceiling effects of these drugs.So after a certain dose of the drug to be more visible increase the influence. Develop drugs against this type of habit or addiction.Studies have only as many as 20-40% of patients with painful non-opioid pain relievers pain has passed. Patients, responses to these drugs varies, and which patients will respond to which drugs can be found in experiments.
Derivative opioid pain relievers
Prototype of the type of opioid painkillers morphine. However, the efficacy and side effects of opioid drugs many are changing. Unlike non-opioid painkillers, no ceiling effect of opioid drugs. Dose effect increases with increasing pain until unconsciousness develops.Opioids are used for severe pain. Opioid drugs have the potential to addiction. The dependency of opioid drugs, many physicians because of the fear of severe pain in patients with unrelenting pain and other drugs are prescribed, even avoids. Adequate pain management of patients with cancer pain is one of the most important reasons. However, studies in patients with opioid addiction to drugs shown to be very low risk.
Opioid drugs, fentanyl can be used through the skin. Fentanyl-impregnated strips attached to the skin and the drug being absorbed through the skin into the blood in this way. Non-opioid analgesics, opioid-acetaminophen combinations, such as not responding to other pain medications used to treat moderate to severe chronic pain and pain relief for 72 hours to cut. Change and continuity of treatment is provided at the end of 72 hours of tape.
Bands are available in various doses of fentanyl. Therefore, individualized dose can be adjusted. Acute pain and postoperative analgesic efficacy of the resulting tapes are not suitable for pain.Also not be used in children under 2 years of age.
Fentanyl bands can disrupt breathing. Repeated applications may develop tolerance and habit. Other side effects are as follows:
Confusion
Constipation
Dry mouth
Tendency to fall asleep
Sweating increased
An increase in blood pressure (hypertension) or decrease (hypotension)
Nausea and vomiting
Developed tolerance to opioids in patients with sudden and intermittent addition of opioids used for breakthrough pain. The aim is to pass quickly, while providing pain relief in order to avoid side effects is to use short-acting drugs. This additional opioids be given by mouth in tablet form, or suppository may be shaped in the form of lozenges under the tongue may be involved in the blood. Used oral opioids are the most suitable and cheapest, but the effect of the drug given in this way may be due to start late.In addition, while too much medicine is left in the bloodstream, which dizziness, drowsiness and can cause side effects such as vomiting.
Studies have shown that morphine under the tongue, the use of the drug into the blood slows down. This is a rule of the road has been determined that the oral use.
Involved in the opioid fentanyl through the oral mucosa into the blood in patients with advanced resistance to be used for breakthrough pain. This medication is used as a lozenge. The effect of opioid drugs are used as a wick starts fast, but many patients do not want to use the drug this way.
Pain in cancer patients given opioids by mouth or through skin absorption of opioid pain medications when they are not enough to cut the spinal canal, called a thin probe inserted through the catheter directly to the nerves that transmit pain also be given.This method is called morphine pump. Catheter inserted in a drug combination consisting of opioid analgesics and local anesthetics are given. In this way, pain, cancer pain in patients with low-dose oral drug with a drug can be cut much more. The drug is also involved in the systemic circulation would be part of the very low frequency and severity of the side effects of opioid drugs is reduced.
Auxiliary agents
Auxiliary agents such as neuropathic pain and bone pain, pain type, pain relief drugs are given to increase the impact. Type of opioid painkillers, or other non-opioids for neuropathic pain than in pain responds. Supporting other drugs also are used to reduce the side effects of painkillers. Always the first choice drugs for pain relief in neuropathic pain, neuropathic pain, but usually does not respond well to conventional pain relief drugs. Antidepressants (depression drugs), anticonvulsants (epilepsy medication), oral local anesthetics, such as cortisone type drugs used to treat neuropathic pain medications to help. Antidepressants are usually the first choice of drugs to help. For this purpose, the doses are much lower than the doses in the treatment of depression.
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